Armed citizens Jordan Salinas of Idaho and Kaylub Giamanco of Oregon stopped mass murders this year, according to Paul G. Markel. Annual defensive gun uses are estimated at 500,000 to 2.5 million, most ending after a firearm is shown without a shot fired. Markel, a combat decorated United States Marine veteran and founder of Student the Gun University who has taught Small Arms and Tactics for over three decades, says preparation begins with the choice to buy and carry a handgun daily with ongoing training.