On October 29 the US Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in US v. Laykovich held that 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(4) does not violate the Second Amendment. Judge Eric E. Murphy, Julia Smith Gibbons, and Whitney D. Hermandorfer analogized the ban to historical detention of the dangerously ill after a 2023 Missouri court ordered Alexander Miguel Laykovich hospitalized 21 days as a potential threat and listed him in the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. A Kentucky deputy near Stanford found eight firearms, and US District Judge Karen K. Caldwell in 2025 sentenced him to four years for the violation, which the panel affirmed.